Showing posts with label purity. Show all posts
Showing posts with label purity. Show all posts

Monday, August 12, 2024

Joy despite Trials

 

Consider it pure joy, my brothers, when you encounter trials of many kinds, because you know that the testing of your faith develops perseverance. (James 1: 2-3)

Consider it absolutely God’s favor and grace given to you, showing that He loves you enough to grow and strengthen you in your faith by allowing trials to come against you. God loves you and wants you to grow to be more like Jesus, who is righteous/pure. So, let God purify you in the fires of trials, like gold is purified through fire.

The growth of your faith from trials will build perseverance. This perseverance is God making you able to endure under challenges He allows in your life. It can be a cheerful endurance because you know God is FOR you. He does not give you more than you can endure, for He is faithful to you. And when you experience trials and temptations, God will show you a way through it so you can patiently bear and endure (1Corinthians 10:13).

You will grow stronger with God. Perseverance is a gift from God because He loves you. So, consider trials as joy because God is with you and is growing you.

You will be victorious with God’s guidance, power, and strength as you confront temptations and evil.

You can persevere with God.

Consider it joy that God loves you and grows you to be like Jesus and to be a victor over evil, temptations, and trials in life.

Consider it Joy that God is FOR you, not against you.

Consider it JOY that you are

Chosen

Saved

Loved


Tuesday, September 1, 2020

Love with a Pure Heart



“Since you have in obedience to the truth purified your souls for a sincere love of the brethren, fervently love one another from the heart.” (1 Peter 1:22 [NASB])
Peter, when he wrote his letter to the Christians of Asia Minor, which is Turkey today, did not, with the beginning clause, say they could love fervently in their own strength. He understood the sin nature of each person. Peter knew no person was holy, but all are sinners. This means each person could love no other person with the fervency and purity of God without being changed by faith in Jesus Christ. A person loves oneself more than other people. Still, Peter did not say it was impossible to love with a pure heart. Instead, Peter reminded these Christians how they could understand they could love fervently from their hearts.

Peter, in this chapter, appears to give many commands on how to be a Christian and assurances to realize one is a Christian. Yet, if we carefully read the complex sentences of this chapter, we will understand how we can know we have a pure heart with which to love other believers. Going backwards up the verses in the chapter, Peter said believers have their hope, conduct, and faith in God.

How can people realize their hope is in God? From verses twenty to twenty-one, Peter listed ways a person can recognize this in themselves. He said if a person believes in Jesus Christ as the Savior sent from God as planned from the foundation of the world, and that God raised Him from the dead and gave Him glory, then you can know your faith and hope are in God. Because this believing person is in a faith relationship with God because of Jesus, the person is being made more into the likeness of Jesus and has the love of God living in him or her.

Notice, within verses seventeen through nineteen, Peter wrote about a second attribute of Christians. Peter said believers conduct themselves in reverent fear of God while on earth because Jesus purified them with something more precious than gold or silver. Christians act and think right because of the reverent fear/awe they have for God, because He is righteous and judges fairly. Jesus purified them with His own blood by dying for their sins. His great love gave the greatest sacrifice. Christian lives should copy Jesus’ love. They can show His love through the power of the indwelling Spirit of Christ. A Christian conducts his or her life in a way that reflects Jesus, His love and sacrifice for God and other believers.

Peter said people can be holy because Jesus, their Savior, is holy (vs. 16). Verses thirteen through sixteen remind the Christians in Asia Minor of the holiness, purification, Jesus gives each person who believes in Him. Believers can, with the Spirit’s help, prepare their minds for action, keep sober in spirit, fix their hope completely on the grace Jesus gave to them at His revelation, and conform themselves into the image of Christ. By Jesus, they will be holy in their behavior. Holy behavior is living as Christ lived, in love and service to people. People who live like Jesus, act upon the faith God gave them to believe in Jesus Christ for their salvation and have His Spirit in them to transform them into His image and exuding His attributes. Holy living expresses itself in pure and fervent love.

Peter explained this hope, reverent conduct, and holiness given by belief in Jesus Christ enable believers to love each other. These attitudes and actions come from Jesus’ attributes. Since these Christians to whom Peter wrote obeyed the truth and had their souls purified by faith in Jesus, they had available within them the capacity to love brethren sincerely. Pure (holy) and fervent love from their heart occurred because they were born again through Jesus. John reiterated this in 1 John 4:7-14 when he wrote Jesus enables believers to love each other because love comes from God.

John, in 1 John 4:9-10, leads us to understand more about God’s love. He said because of God’s love, He sent His Son into the world “that we might live through Him.” God loves people before they love Him. He showed it by sending His love to all people through Christ. Jesus’ love is not just for believers. His love is for all people. Jesus died for all people. John stated this in John 3:16 when he said, “For God so loved the world, that He gave His only begotten Son, that whoever believes in Him shall not perish, but have eternal life.” [NASB] Jesus loves all people. As His disciples, Christians have this same attribute of love from Jesus. Believers are to love all people. Just as Jesus’ love is pure and fervent, the love each Christian has from God to love other people is pure and fervent.

As children of God, Christians are to love fervently, passionately, and purely. They can do this because their faith in Jesus purified them, made them holy (1 Peter 1:13-16). Just as He is holy, He makes believers holy. Christians live in reverent awe of God, the one who redeemed them with His Son’s own blood as the sacrifice for their sins. Because of this great love of Jesus, they can love others with the love that flows from Him to them through His indwelling Holy Spirit. Christians can love all people because of their hope in God. Because they know God loves them, which they will see when Jesus returns to take them to His kingdom, they can show this unending love they received from Christ to all people. Peter explained each of these three points in 1 Peter 1:22-23.
“Since you have in obedience to the truth purified your souls for a sincere love of the brethren, fervently love one another from the heart, for you have been born again not of seed which is perishable but imperishable, that is through the living and enduring word of God.” (1 Peter 1:22-23 [NASB])
Jesus came to the world to save all who would believe in Him. John 3:16 explains that. Jesus’ standard of love is the standard for each person who lives. This love is sincere and fervent and based on holiness, faith, and hope. It comes from the source of love, God. Love is one of God’s attributes. What should the extent of our love be? Jesus’ life and death modeled the answer to that question. He taught His disciples about it. Jesus said in John 15:12-13, “This is My commandment, that you love one another, just as I have loved you. Greater love has no one than this, that one lay down his life for his friends.” [NASB] Should anyone read John 15:13 to mean Jesus said to love Christians only, Matthew 22:37-39 records Jesus’ deeper understanding of love. He said in these verses, “You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind. This is the great and foremost commandment. The second is like it, you shall love your neighbor as yourself.”

Jesus loved and still loves fervently. Nothing can separate people from His love. Jesus loves purely. He is holy and no evil taints His love. Jesus loves completely, to the giving of His life so others can live. He gives each Christian, through His Spirit who dwells in him or her, His superabundant love so they can live out His love by loving each person they meet. Jesus does not restrict His love to certain people because of their skin color, politics, accent, physical attributes, income, health, education, or any human-defining category. God makes each person in His image. Jesus came to love and redeem all of us.

Jesus’ love is fervent, holy, and unending.
Our love for all people should be the same.

Jesus makes it possible for people to love as He loves by their becoming His disciples. Will you accept the redemption for your sins He offers to you? Today is your time to think about how you live life. Do you love all people equally without prejudice and stereotypes? Jesus does. He died for every person who has lived to give unending love and salvation to them. Jesus loves you and died for you. What will you say to Him today?

Friday, February 20, 2015

Purity and Honor of Israel Deuteronomy 23

Introduction


In Deuteronomy 23, God continued giving laws to help the Israelites protect their purity and set-apartness for Him. Remember, the nations around the Israelites did not follow Yahweh. They worshipped a multitude of false gods such as Molech, Baal, and Asherah. When God gave each of these laws to the Israelites, He set up a new nation and by that, provided a national system of laws by which each person should live. He, too, was setting up a way for the Israelites to be unaffected by the pagan worship and lifestyles of the surrounding nations. God did not want the Israelites to syncretize the worship of Him with the ways the other nations lived and worshipped. He wanted them to stay pure and set apart solely for Him. Deuteronomy 23 includes laws about who can be in the assembly of the LORD, how they were to live while encamped, and five laws affecting relationships within Israel.

The Purity of the Assembly of the LORD


Meaning.


Verses 1 to 8 of this chapter discuss who can be a part of the assembly of the LORD. To understand the laws, we must begin by understanding what the term “the assembly of the LORD” means. Being part of the assembly of the LORD allowed a person to hold office in the temple/sanctuary and in civil life. In addition, if a person came from a people of whom the LORD allowed to be part of the assembly of the LORD, a Jew could marry him or her. Remember, God formed the nation of Israel to be a theocracy. Because of that, every leadership roles in the society developed from Yahweh. There was no separation of church and state. Hence, if the LORD did not allow a person to be part of the assembly of the LORD, God forbade he or she to be a leader in Israel. If such a non-allowed person was to become a leader in Israel, they may have led the nation away from the LORD. God set up rules about who could become a part of the assembly of the LORD. He set up four categories of people who He forbade to be in the assembly of the LORD.

The Emasculated.


Verse 1 states, “No one who is emasculated or has his male organ cut off shall enter the assembly of the LORD.” In our century, this appears unfair, but when we look at it through God’s lens, we will understand why He instituted this law. The English word “emasculated” in this verse comes from the Hebrew word dakah and means “crushed testicles.” Notice, God forbade men with crushed testicles and eunuchs to be in the assembly of the LORD.

Remember that in the surrounding nations, men were eunuchs by the will of the ruler to protect the leader’s wives and harems. These eunuchs learned the customs of the nations in which they served and could teach the Israelites the ways of life and worship of their home countries. That would lead to syncretizing that nations’ worship of its god with the worship and way of Yahweh. God created this law to make sure this syncretization did not occur.

In Leviticus 21:16-24, God gave the law that no man from the line of Aaron (the high priest) who has a defect can come before the LORD – worshipping, interceding, or offering sacrifices. The LORD said it would profane (chalal - defile and desecrate) His sanctuaries. Likewise, in Leviticus 22:24, God forbade any animal with crushed, bruised, torn, or cut testicles be offered as a sacrifice. Why is this important? God created everything good and whole. When the animal or man was not whole through injury or intentional maiming of the genitals, the person or animal was not pure. Only pure and undefiled people were adequate to be in the presence of the LORD, just as only undefiled animals (non-maimed animals) were adequate to offer to God as a sacrifice.

In Deuteronomy 23:1, this meant just whole and unharmed men could be part of the assembly of the LORD. They alone may lead Israel because they were untainted by the practices of other nations and they were whole and pure. This law of the LORD’s sought to keep His people, Israel, pure and set apart for Himself alone.

The Illegitimate.


Verse 2 says, “No one of illegitimate birth shall enter the assembly of the LORD; none of his descendents, even to the tenth generation, shall enter the assembly of the LORD.” This, too, might seem harsh. Remember, though, God enacted these laws to keep the people of Israel, His chosen people, pure.

As we look closer at this verse, we find the word “illegitimate” comes from the Hebrew word mamzer. It means a child of incest, out of wedlock, or of mixed race (one parent is a Jew and the other is not). The influence of a person outside the faith of Israel or one who disobeyed God by conceiving a child outside holy wedlock would affect the child as he or she grew so that the child would grow up with syncretized laws. The ways of foreign nations or evil people who broke God’s laws would affect the firm foundation the LORD established for Israel through His laws. By issuing this law, God expected to keep the influence of evil (nations and people) from affecting the purity and set-apartness of His people, Israel.

God further forbade any of the descendants of the “illegitimate” person through the tenth generation to enter the assembly of the LORD. Two ways to interpret this arise. The first is that only persons of the eleventh generation and beyond may enter the assembly of the LORD, the strict reading of the words of the verse. We must consider, though, that ten is a complete number for the Hebrew people. This part of the verse, too, could mean that no descendant of this illegitimate person may ever enter the assembly of the LORD. God made sure this person (an evil person or one from another nation) would not influence Israel. He did not allow him or her to be a leader of the people in temple/sanctuary or civic life.

The Ammonite and Moabite.


History


To understand this law of God in verses three through six, we must recall who the Ammonites and Moabites were and how they affected the Israelites. Both the Ammonites and Moabites descended from Lot. When the messengers of the LORD rescued Lot and his family from Sodom before God destroyed it, Lot’s wife looked back at Sodom and turned to a pillar of salt. His daughters feared the end of their lineage because no man would be available to be their husbands (Genesis 19). Because of the daughters’ fear, they made Lot drunk and they each laid with their him. From that intimacy with their father, the oldest daughter bore a son, whom she named Moab. The youngest daughter bore a son, whom she named Ben-ammi, who later became the father of the Ammonites. So the people of Moab and Ammon came from an incestuous relationship through trickery. This already made them excluded from the assembly of the LORD.

Balak, the king of the Moabites at the time Israel left Egypt, feared the Israelites. He saw how the Israelites routed the Amorites and sent for Balaam, a prophet of Yahweh, to curse the Israelites. Besides this, when the Israelites sent word to their kindred, the Moabites, asking permission to pass through their land and drink their water for which they paid, Balak refused (Numbers 22-23). The Ammonites, too, refused the Israelites passage or drink (Judges 11:17). Because of these things, God judged them and refused them acceptance into the nation of His chosen people, Israel.

Judgment


God’s judgment appears in these verses. He said,

No Ammonite or Moabite shall enter the assembly of the LORD; none of their descendants, even to the tenth generation, shall ever enter the assembly of the LORD, because they did not meet you with food and water on the way when you came our of Egypt, and because they hired against you Balaam the son of Beor from Pethor of Mesopotamia, to curse you. Nevertheless, the LORD your God was not willing to listen to Balaam, but the LORD your God turned the curse into a blessing for you because the LORD your God loves you. You shall never seek their peace or their prosperity all your days. (Deuteronomy 23:3-6 [NASB])

God forbade the people of Ammon and Moab to enter His assembly and lead His people. We understand why God forbade the Israelites from allowing a Moabite and Ammonite to be a part of their nation and lead them. We, too, understand from verse two this meant their descendants may not lead Israel even if one of them married a Jew. The latter would make their descendants “illegitimate.” Besides this, God commanded the Israelites never to seek the peace and prosperity of these people. God judged the Moabites and Ammonites. Remember, judgment from God was dispossession of land and death. He instructed the Israelites not to help these people to prosper or seek an alliance of peace with them. The Ammonites and Moabites were enemies of God because they were enemies of the Israelites.

The Edomites and Egyptians.


A definitive distinction exists between the Moabites and Ammonites to the Edomites. They each descended from the same line as Abraham, but the former two cursed and hated the Israelites. In addition, the Edomites came from the line of Abraham’s grandson, Esau. God told the Israelites they must not detest the Edomites because they came from their brother, Esau (Genesis 25:24-26). The English word “detest” comes from the Hebrew word ta’ab and means to abhor or loathe. God told the Israelites not to loathe or abhor the Edomites.

God gave this same command about the Egyptians. This may appear odd since the Egyptians enslaved the Israelites, but God told them His reason. God said the Egyptians helped the Israelites survive the drought and famine that occurred, which led the Israelites to be in Egypt. When the people of Israel sought help from the Egyptians while they were aliens to the Egyptians, the Egyptians nurtured them (Exodus 22:21, 23:9; Leviticus 19:34; and Deuteronomy 10:19).

God commanded the Israelites not to loathe these two groups of people. He allowed them to enter the assembly of the LORD in the third generation of the family’s residence in the land of Israel. Once the families of Edom and Egypt lived long enough for a third generation to be born in Israel, God allowed them to enter the assembly of the LORD and lead/rule in religious and civic affairs.

The Purity of the Camp


God next addressed the purity of the encampment of Israel. Just as the law about who may be in the assembly of the LORD affected the spiritual and physical lives of the Israelites, so did these laws about when they encamped. What the Israelites did by their physical bodies and minds affected their spiritual selves and relationship with God. Verse 9 says they were to keep themselves from “every evil thing.” As Jesus taught, evil is not just a physical action, but the thought and temptation that preceded the action. Moses spoke many times throughout the exodus years about what was evil in the sight of the LORD. These deeds and thoughts that God proclaimed He detested or abhorred, they were not to do.

In verses 10 and 11, Moses told the Israelites again about another thing that polluted them and made them unclean. He said, “If there is among you any man who is unclean because of a nocturnal emission, then he must go outside the camp; he may not reenter the camp. But it shall be when evening approaches, he shall bathe himself with water, and at sundown he may reenter the camp.” The nocturnal emissions did not include what occurred during sexual intimacy. The English word “emission” comes from the Hebrew word qareh and means the chance or accidental nighttime emission/pollution. In both Leviticus 15:16 and Leviticus 22:4-6, God said any man who experienced nocturnal emissions was ritually unclean until evening when he bathed himself. Until the man bathed himself that evening, he could not reenter the camp and eat of the holy gifts. Notice that what comes out of the body makes the person unclean. Impurities of the body affected the relationship and closeness a man could have with Yahweh. He could not be in the presence of God until he was ritually clean.

In verses 12 through 14, God spoke about another bodily emission – feces. It may appear arbitrary that God would speak to something so base and mundane, but God had reasons. God commanded encamped  Israelites they must go outside the camp, dig a hole, put their excrement in a hole and cover it. The biological reason is obvious. By doing this, they would be safer from the bacteria and germs that arise from fecal material. From a spiritual viewpoint, keeping emissions from the body separate from the Israelites, kept them ritually clean. When a person was ritually clean, God could be with him or her. By doing as the LORD said here, the LORD remained within their camp and walked among them. God gave this important command because by His walking among them, He could deliver the Israelite soldiers and defeat their enemies (vs. 14). Moses said in verse 14b, “Therefore your camp must be holy and He must not see anything indecent among you or He will turn away from you.”

In relation to this, remember Jesus told the Pharisees what goes into the body is not what defiles it, but instead what comes from it (Matthew 15:11). Evil comes from the heart of a person. Emissions come from the body. Both make a person unclean and keep God from walking with him or her. Our sins come from within ourselves and keep us separated from God in the same way.

The Preservation of Purity and Set-Apartness of the Israelites


In the rest of this chapter, verses fifteen through twenty-five, God addressed the purity of the Israelites in five different areas of life. These areas affected the relationship of Israelite to Israelite, Israelite to foreigner, and Israelite to God. Moses gave God’s commands the Israelites about runaway slaves, prostitution, usury, vows, and abuse of a neighbor’s field/vineyard.

Against Mistreatment of Runaway Slaves.


In verses 15 and 16, God addressed the treatment of runaway slaves. God forbade the Israelites who found a slave who escaped from his master and went to Israel to return the slave to his master. In addition to this, the slave could live in any place he or she chose within Israel. God commanded the Israelites not mistreat the slave. This command from God assumes the slave escaped (natsal – delivered oneself) from an evil master in a neighboring nation, like in 1 Samuel 30:15. Remember from Deuteronomy 14:22-15:23 God showed He cared for everyone who lived in Israel including the foreigner. He cared that people not be abused. In this command from verses fifteen and sixteen, God showed His care of foreigners who were slaves. He commanded the Israelites treat them with compassion not mistreatment. Moses reminded them in Deuteronomy 5: 15 they were once slaves, too. By having compassion and care for people, the Israelites showed the love of God and remained in a covenant relationship with Him. Jesus spoke about this when He said to love your neighbor as yourself. Care for other people is with what the last six commandments dealt.

Against Prostitution.


Verses 17 and 18 deal with cultic prostitution. Moses said,

None of the daughters of Israel shall be a cult prostitute, nor shall any of the sons of Israel be a cult prostitute. You shall not bring the hire of a harlot or the wages of a dog into the house of the LORD your God or any votive offering for both, for both of these are an abomination to the LORD your God. [NASB]

God commanded this because He did not want the people of Israel to be involved in the cultic worship of the nations near them. To be involved in these religions in any way corrupted their worship of God with the practices of the cult worship. In these two verses, God forbade His people from being prostitutes for the worship of other gods. By doing so they defamed Yahweh and defiled themselves, God’s chosen people. Leviticus 19:29 speaks to this and Deuteronomy 22:21 says a prostitute’s judgment was death to purge the evil from Israel. Giving the wages of a cult prostitute as a votive offering was an abomination (detestable) to the LORD (vs. 18).

      One other thing we need to understand in verse eighteen is use of the term “dog.” The English word “dog” comes from the Hebrew word keleb. Keleb means contempt or male cult prostitute. In Leviticus 18:22, keleb spoke of a man lying with another man and in Leviticus 20:13 it says this action God considered detestable and held a death judgment. This helps explain why God considered the offering of these prostitute wages detestable and abhorrent.

       God was serious about and against prostitution whether for false gods in cultic worship, as mentioned here, or of one’s own choice as in Deuteronomy 22:21. He considered prostitution an “abomination” (tow’ebah – detestable) that made a person ritually unclean and wicked. Because of this, God even considered an offering from the wages of a prostitute as unworthy to be given to Him for a votive offering. We need to consider whether anything we do could corrupt our worship of and offering to God.

Against Usury.


In verses 19 and 20 God gave specific commands about interest on loans –  for money, food, or anything they needed. God commanded the Israelites not charge interest on any loans to their countrymen – a brother, relative, or Israelite. Moses used this same word in Exodus 22:25 and said God’s people, the Israelites. In Leviticus 25:25-27, Moses spoke of a loan to a countryman who then had near kinsman who bought his property back and returned it to him. In both verses, the term countrymen referred to Israelites as the countryman with regard to loans. So in Deuteronomy 23:19-20, we must realize about whom Moses spoke. He said to not charge interest on a loan given to another Israelite. God allowed interest to be charged on a loan to a foreigner.

The reason God did not allow interest on loans for countrymen was because the LORD God would bless each of them in everything they attempted when they were faithful to their covenant with Him. God’s blessing for faithfulness to the Ten Commandments states this many times in Deuteronomy. When a person is faithful to God, He will bless them and they will have what they need. When a fellow Israelite needed something, God commanded the person from whom the Israelite sought help give out of God’s blessing to him. Added to this, in Deuteronomy 15:10 God commanded the Israelites to give help to their fellow kinsman and the LORD would bless them in everything they attempted. This command comes with a promise of blessing or curse for faithlessness.

Against the Breach of Vows.


Verses 21 through 23 speak of vows made to the LORD. Remember, a vow is a pledge made to the LORD of one’s choice. This kind of vow God called a neder vow. God did not mandate making this vow. Yet, when we read these three verses we find when a person made a neder vow, God expected the person to fulfill his or her vow. Moses said in verse twenty-one, “You shall not delay to pay it for it would be sin in you and the LORD your God would surely require it of you.” God expects each person to keep his or her pledges (Numbers 30:1-2). Ecclesiastes 5:4-5 says it is better not to vow than not to fulfill a vow. In carrying this command forward, Jesus told the people to keep an oath they made to the LORD (Matthew 5:33). In Deuteronomy 23:22, Moses said, “If you refrain from vowing, it would not be sin in you.” The pledge of a vow or oath as a neder vow is not mandatory to the LORD. Not keeping the vow is faithlessness and sin just as Moses said in verse 23. Because a person volunteered a vow, God required him or her to do what he or she promised.

Against Abuse of Neighborly Liberties in a Neighbor’s Field/Vineyard.


Verses 24 and 25 command how much of a neighbor’s produce a person may eat. Moses said,

When you enter your neighbor’s vineyard, then you may eat grapes until you are fully satisfied, but you shall not put any in your basket. When you enter your neighbor’s standing grain, then you may pluck the heads with your hand, but you shall not wield a sickle in your neighbor’s standing grain.

In these two verses, a neighbor is anyone living within Israel, unlike the definition of “countryman” in verses nineteen and twenty. This law provides food for the hungry until sated at that moment. It does not allow people to harvest a neighbor’s produce for themselves and take it to their homes. The verses say “you may eat grapes until you are fully satisfied” and “you may pluck the heads (of grain) with your hand but not use a sickle.” This law has a two-fold purpose. It taught the Israelites they were to feed the hungry. Besides that, it taught that an Israelite may not abuse a neighbor’s care by taking a large part of his produce. Greed is not acceptable. This law reminds me of the law of gleaning found in Leviticus 23:22. This law told the farmer not to harvest the grain on the edges of his field, but to leave them for the poor and foreigners living among them. God cared about each person living in Israel. He cared that His people showed compassion for them. By being obedient to these laws, the Israelites’ relationship with God would grow.

Recap


God provided laws by which the Israelites were to live and for the foreigners living among them. Because of the deceit and unfriendliness of the Moabites and Ammonites, God’s judgment on them was they were never to be a part of the assembly of God. God allowed just the pure to lead His people. Added to this, He allowed just the legitimate and non-emasculated to lead His people. If God’s allowed His people to be led by people affected by the evil of other cultures and nations, Israel would be misled. God made allowances for the Edomites and Egyptians to become a part of the assembly of the LORD. The third generation born in Israel may become a leader in civic and religious roles.

Besides the laws defining who may lead Israel, God addressed the purity of men within an encampment, most likely soldiers in military camps. God promised to walk among them and defeat their enemies if they remained pure. God told the Israelites what came from their bodies, nocturnal emissions and fecal matter, made them impure. In His laws, God provided a way for them to stay clean or become clean from these things. From these and the other laws God gave, the Israelites received the message and command to stay pure. The Pharisees were hyper-vigilant about purity to the point of making sure people saw their purity by highlighting it in public out and punishing those who were not pure. Jesus, in Matthew 5, spoke about this and explained that what comes from the heart of a person makes him or her unclean, not what is put into a person.

As to people living within Israel, God gave laws to keep peace. He taught how He wanted escaped slaves treated. God recalled for them how He looked upon prostitution, particularly cultic worship prostitution and the money earned from it. God gave a command on how they were to treat loans to fellow Israelites and foreigners. This law recalled the promise of God’s blessing to the Israelites for being faithfulness to their covenant with Him. Next God commanded that if they made a neder vow to Him, He required them to do what they promised. God did not require a neder vow, but if they made one, He required its fulfillment. The last thing Moses told the Israelites was God commanded them not to abuse a neighbor’s goodwill when eating from his field or vineyard. He provided a law stating they must allow their fellow man to eat their produce, but just enough to satisfy his or her hunger at that point in time.

Each of these laws dealt with the Israelites’ relationship with other people – countrymen, Israelite, foreigner, slave, and enemy. They, too, dealt with the relationship of Israelite to the LORD God. If the people followed these laws, they would stay pure and God would walk among them. If they did not follow them, then God would not walk among them because of their impurity and lack of righteousness. This would lead to death (per the curse of their covenant with God). God provided ways for people to return to following Him through sacrifices and cleansing in water. He provided ways to remove evil from among them, too.

Relevance


The Old Testament covenant between the Israelites and Yahweh God led them to seek and find God. It did not give salvation from their past sin, nor power to overcome sin in the present and future. God knew from the beginning of time He would give salvation through a Redeemer, His Son, Jesus Christ. At the right time, God sent His Son to be born of a virgin in a low place, a stable. Jesus lived the life of any young Jewish boy – learning a trade with his father, learning Torah and Talmud from his father and priests. At the right time, Jesus revealed Himself as the Son of Father God sent to take away the sins of the world. He proclaimed the Father’s Good News of salvation. He lived a sin-free life. Jesus died the accursed death, on a cross even though He was sinless. By Jesus’ hanging and dying on the cross, He bore the penalty - the judgment - for our own sins. Our sins required judgment. That judgment is death. When Jesus died for each of us, He saved us from our death penalty and redeemed us from the power sin would have over us in the present and future. With Jesus’ ascension from the grave, He removed the power of death Satan held over us. Jesus conquered death and the grave. He gave everyone who trusts in and believes on Him the same power – not to sin, not to be tied to eternal death, and to be in the presence of God forever.

Conclusion


How we each respond to God’s love at Jesus’ cost is our own decision. We can stick to Old Testament laws and be led to God repeatedly as we strive to live by them. These laws do not give salvation from sin and death. Alternatively, we each can choose to follow Jesus Christ, admit He is the Son of God, accept His love and grace given through His life, death, and resurrection, and have victory over sin and death. God’s laws in the Old Testament led people to Him. His gift of Jesus Christ gives us salvation if we will believe and receive. We each must choose for ourselves. God will force none of us.

What will you choose – love, mercy, and grace shown on the cross

or a life lived trying to be perfect through the laws of the Old Testament?

Monday, February 2, 2015

Rightness and Purity (part 2) Deuteronomy 22:1-12


Introduction

Over the last couple of chapters, this one, and the next few, God gave statutes to the Israelites by which they were to live. Bible teachers and commentators have called these statutes miscellaneous or sundry statutes/laws. Though God appeared too concerned with the minutiae of the days and appeared to be overbearing, we must not forget the main purpose of the laws, statutes, and commandments. God gave these laws to help the Israelites, God’s chosen people, stay pure. To be pure means being “clean,” not stained by bloodguilt and not bowed with sin and its resultant guilt, but staying in relationship with Yahweh God.

Before the covenant with Noah, Abraham, Moses, and the Israelites, God made a covenant of love with His first created people, Adam and Eve. He created them because He wanted to be in a relationship with them. God made them in the image of Himself. He gave to them authority over everything on the earth, in the seas, and in the sky to manage and maintain it. This covenant was the first between God and created humankind. This Adamic covenant continues throughout earth’s lifespan, even today. God had unhindered access to Adam and Eve and they to Him. Remember, the Bible says He walked with them in the garden (Genesis 3:8). The first people, representative and father/mother of  humankind, had closeness, intimacy, and communion with God, Creator of humankind. When sin entered the world through Adam and Eve’s disobedience, the closeness, intimacy, and communion with God left. God, being holy, cannot be in the presence of sin.

Disobedience continued to occur on earth. God found just Noah and his family repentant and willing to stay in a relationship with Him. God’s judgment upon sinful humanity was to flood the earth. After the flood, the regeneration of humanity occurred, but people continued to sin. God had a plan from the beginning of the world to make a people pure so they could be in relationship with Him. First, He had to get the attention of people and to show Himself so that they sought relationship with Him. Leviticus 26:12 says Abraham walked with God. Over time, more people walked with God in relationship, but these followers were still few .

Because of God’s relationship with Noah and Abraham, God chose to love the people descended from Israel, Abraham’s grandson. These people became God’s chosen people – the Israelites. Through Moses, God taught them who He is and what He would do for them. This is yada “knowing” Moses spoke of in Deuteronomy – a progressive knowing of God. God’s one requirement was they stay faithful to Him as their LORD/YAHWEH. Because God chose the Israelites as His people and they covenanted with Him about He being their one and only God, God gave laws, statutes, and commandments to them so they would stay righteous and pure before His eyes. This reason is the primary purpose God gave the rules for living. The secondary reason for God’s laws/statutes was for each person to live in harmony with other people and to live in harmony with nature. God did not give His laws to police and put the people under a tyrannical dictator.  He gave them to keep the Israelites in relationship with Himself. God gave His laws because of His love.

In Deuteronomy 22:1-12, God gave the Israelites laws affecting relationships between people and between people and nature. By keeping and obeying these laws, they would stay strong in their relationship with God. People’s relationship with God remains strong and strengthens

 because of their love of and obedience to God. Remember, by keeping God’s laws and statutes the Israelites remained right in God’s eyes. They remained free from the guilt of sin and pure in God’s eyes.

Affecting Humans – Care for Neighbors: Possessions


The first four verses of Deuteronomy 22 affect the Hebrews’ relationship with his or her neighbor. Verse 1 says a person shall not ignore or hide him or herself when he or she sees his or her countryman’s ox or sheep straying away. That person must take the animals back to the countryman to whom the animals belong. First, we need to note that the word “countryman” comes from the Hebrew word ach. It means a brother, relative, or kinsman. Since God founded the nation of Israel from the family line of Israel and gave them the Promised Land, this verse refers to every person who lived in the Promised Land. Anyone who lived in Israel must help anyone else who lived in Israel. The other important point of this verse is that God commanded (“shall”) them not to be negligent about taking care of another person – their person or possessions. Additionally, at the end of verse one, God told the Israelites, “You shall certainly bring them back to their countryman.” The finder was not to keep the possession of another person. The word “certainly” is a strong adverb added to the command “shall” to make sure the Israelites would not take liberties and keep the possession.

In verse 2, God told the Israelites what to do if the countryman to whom the possessions belonged did not live nearby or if he was unknown. He said the finder must (“shall”) take the neighbor’s possession to his or her own home and keep it until the countryman looked for it. The finder must keep the item with him or her just like he or she found it. He or she must keep it safe in his or her home until the countryman “looks” (seeks and asks) for it. The last part of verse two says, “Then you shall restore it to him.” The finder must not squeeze out of the obligation to return the found item. God commanded him or her to “restore” it. The word “restore” comes from the Hebrew word shuwb and means to restore, refresh, repair, and relinquish.  

God said in verse three if the found item was an animal, the finder must return the animal in as good or better condition than he found it. That means the finder was to feed the animal and not use it for his or her own purposes and work. If the found item was a garment (“simlah”), God meant the finder return it to the owner in the same condition, not more worn. God required due diligence of the finder. He did not apply this law just to animals and clothing, but included anything found belonging to another person. God said, “You shall do likewise with anything lost by your countryman, which he has lost and you have found. You are not allowed to neglect them.” The Hebrew word for our English word “found” is matsa. It includes protecting the found item - protecting for the future when the owner claims it and protecting from his or her own “neglect” (concealing and keeping it for his or herself). The word “neglect” in Hebrew is ‘alam and means to hide and keep to oneself.

God explicitly said was a person to pay attention, keep, and protect a found item. He stated, too, a person must help another person who was in obvious need. In verse 4, God told the Israelites if they saw a countryman whose donkey or ox fell, they were not to ignore the countryman. They were to help the countryman raise up the animal. Once again, God told the Israelite not to hide (neglect) from the need of another countryman (anyone living in Israel), but He commanded them to “certainly help.” These four verses relate to the relationship between two people. They relate to a person’s covenant with God about managing and maintaining the earth, too (from the first covenant with humankind in the garden of Eden). Animals are part of the earth and when they are in need, God commanded the Israelites give compassion and help.

Affecting God’s Order - Humans


From the beginning of creation, God created man and woman different. He created them in His image, both male and female (Genesis 1). God designed them with different bodily characteristics that gave them the ability to do tasks needed to be “fruitful,” “multiply,” “fill,” “subdue,” and “rule” over the earth (Genesis 1:27-28). Adam and Eve and their descendents were to use their bodies as God made them to be fruitful, multiply, and fill the earth. To keep chaos from occurring on earth (remember, God is not a God of chaos and confusion – 1 Corinthians 14:33), they had to exercise the authority and wisdom God gave them to fill, subdue, and rule over the earth. “Subdue” comes from the Hebrew word kabash and means to keep under control and make subservient. This action requires brain and brawn. “Rule” comes from the Hebrew word radah and means to have dominion and subjugate. This action required brain and brawn, too. God gave man and woman the ability to multiply humankind and they each had different roles in re-creation. He gave men and women a desire for each other so they would be fulfilled in their relationship with each other as well as multiply and fill the earth. God made men with more muscle so they could do harder tasks and work longer. He gave both man and woman brains to exercise knowledge and wisdom in subduing and ruling over the earth, sky, and seas to keep them in God’s natural perfect balance so ecological chaos did not occur. God gave women the physical ability to bear and nurture her children. Because of that and her smaller muscle mass, her body could better care for the family and tasks requiring less strength. Neither partner in the relationship demands from the other a specific role, but in love for the other person, recognizes his or her strengths and weaknesses and works to help and complement the other for the tasks needed so they both work together in union and unity, like the husband-wife team of Aquila and Priscilla in Acts 18, Romans 16:3-4, 1 Corinthians 16:19, and 2 Timothy 4:19.  Paul considered them both equal, but they knew each other’s strengths and worked towards their joint strengths. Paul recognized the equality of every person under God in Galatians 3:27-28. This complementary work is how both man and woman fill, subdue, and rule over the earth, together. Neither the man nor woman is greater under God; they are equally loved and cherished. One’s ability – brain, brawn, nurturing nature – does not make him or her greater than the other.

God knew working side by side in managing and maintaining His creation would create a potential for distraction because of the desire man and woman would have for each other – a God-given desire. Satan would try to use the sexual attraction/distraction to cause lust, abuse of one by the other and temptation to change the God-made purpose of each sex. To keep correct the God-given order of sexuality, God commanded in verse five, “A woman shall not wear a man’s clothing nor shall a man put on a woman’s clothing for whoever does these things is an abomination to the LORD your God.” This verse does not command one person be subjugated under another. It means most of all be careful how one dresses so temptation is not given to another regarding one’s body. Paul reiterated this statute about modesty in 1 Timothy 2:9-10 when he told Timothy women should cloth themselves modestly and discreetly. A deeper understanding occurs when the Hebrew words are understood in Deuteronomy 22:5.

If you think you know exactly what this verse means, let me remind you to be open to God’s Spirit moving and teaching as you read God’s Word. This verse does not say, as people over the years interpreted it, that women must not wear pants. Let us study the Hebrew words. The word “woman” used both times in this verse is the Hebrew word ishshah. It means a woman, female, or wife. It gives the general meaning of woman. The English word “man” in this verse is the Hebrew word geber. Geber is not the general word for man. It means a strong, valiant warrior. The most common Hebrew words used for “man” in the Bible are ‘ish and ‘adam.  Ish means  man, male, or husband and ‘adam means man or mankind. ‘Ish is the most common word for man and is used 1797 times in the Old Testament. “Adam is the next most common word used for man and is used 524 times in the Old Testament. Bible writers used geber sixty-three times. It speaks about a specific male role in society that reflects upon his strength and valor due to his strength. Hence, the comparison in this verse is between a general female role and a specific male role.

Next, let us look at the words used for clothing. The “man’s clothing” mentioned in the first part of the verse comes from the Hebrew word keliy and means implements such as for hunting, war, or specific to a man’s labor. Since the verse speaks of a strong, valiant warrior, then the clothing the woman must not wear, according to God, was the clothing a strong, valiant  man wore. These types of clothes could be armor, shield, chainmail, or any other clothing/implement a strong, valiant man would wear. These clothes would be extremely heavy for a man and more so for a woman. Now, to look at the clothing of a woman that a geber man must not wear, we need to look at the Hebrew word used for woman’s clothing. The woman’s clothing is the Hebrew word simlah. Simlah is a mantle, cloak, wrapper, or covering garment. People wore these cloaks for extra warmth during colder weather and often used them as blankets. Both men and women wore cloaks. Some Bible teachers propose people made cloaks for men and women differently. They proposed a man’s cloak/mantle had long slits in it so it could be tucked into his loincloth to make running or fighting easier. A woman’s cloak, they say, had no slits because they were to dress modestly and cover more of themselves. This theory sounds plausible, but nothing proves this idea. Other commentators say people transposed silmah from salmah, which means something closer to a dress. I think we should not stray too far from the Hebrew words and the context in which they are used. This verse, in essence, says a woman must not wear a strong, valiant man’s implements and a strong, valiant man must not wear women’s clothing – dress or a cloak made for a woman. The first thing we must remember is that God commanded it so we must obey it. The second thing we must remember is God gave these commands to keep this new nation - a people He chose to be His own – right and pure before His eyes so He could be among them.

For our rational selves, the next thing we want to consider is does this statute affect all men’s clothes and all women’s clothes. From the first, we see God only spoke about not wearing strong, warrior clothing. God did not want women wearing strong, valiant man’s implements either because of woman’s innate, God-created lesser muscle strength or because the role of a strong warrior was not the role God intended for women. Most of us cannot deny that women in general are not as physically strong as men, especially strong warriors. Added to this, we do not see within the Bible specific roles about women farming or men cooking and cleaning. We read about men and women working together to get tasks done. We read, too, that women have the specific task of bearing and feeding infants. Therefore this verse does not say women cannot wear pants and men cannot wear coats and it does not say women work only in the house and men work only out of the house. It says women shall not put on strong, valiant warrior-like men’s implements and men hall not wear women’s clothes (form-revealing garments).

In regards to form-revealing garments, Paul told women and implied to men they are to dress modestly not to cause distraction or temptation (1 Timothy 2:9-10). This verse tells us, too, men are not to act as a woman nor women act like a man, this includes relationships. Men acting as women for other men or women acting as men for other women is specifically forbidden in the Bible (Leviticus 18:22 and 20:13, Romans 1:24-28, Jude 1:7, 1 Corinthians 6:9-11, and 1 Timothy 1:10). Dress for the task, but modestly so the work is done and no distraction or leading into temptation occurs. Remember, Jesus said in Matthew 5:27-28, “You have heard it said, ‘You shall not commit adultery,’ but I say to you that everyone who looks at a woman with lust for her has already committed adultery with her in his heart.” Modesty helps curb the temptation to lust. God put man and women together on earth to help each other (Genesis 2:18) do the tasks He set them to do in Genesis 1:28. A person dressing for the task enables him or her to work better, but God gave specifics about what clothing/implements men and women were not to wear.

Affecting God’s Design – Nature: Balance


Deuteronomy 22:6-7 appears from an initial reading to give God’s statute on maintaining and managing ecological wildlife. In essence, God told the Israelites when they came upon a bird’s nest with eggs and/or chicks and a mother sitting on the eggs, they were not to take both eggs/chicks and the mother, but leave the mother. By leaving the mother to survive, the person ensured the species survived to another gestation. By taking all of them, that branch of the species ended. In Genesis 1:28 God requires humankind to manage and maintain God’s creation.

Upon closer study we find God commanded this. He used the word “shall” twice – “you shall not take the mother with the young” and “you shall certainly let the mother go” (vs. 6 & 7). Another lesson we learn upon study of these two verses is following this command brings with it a promised and implies a curse if not followed. At the end of verse seven, God told them to do this “ so it may be well with them and they may prolong their days.” God gave this exact promise in Deuteronomy 4:40 if the Israelites followed God and His commandments. Remember, inheriting the Promised Land came from a covenant God had with Abraham. God promised the possession of the Promised Land came if the current Israelites’ kept their covenant with God. The promise in verse seven promises a long life in the Promised Land for each person and generation who lives there. The long life is individual and national. God will judge each person and controls the timing of each person’s life. As the ruler of Israel and creator of humankind, He controls the life or death/destruction of each nation as judgment for their moral depravity and disdain of Yahweh.

Another part to this command is that it taught compassion and mercy to the Israelites. As the Israelites cared for one animal and then others, the compassion and mercy God instilled within them would grow. The command taught each action built upon the next and led to a way of life. On the negative side, it forbade cruelty and covetousness. In caring for animals, the Israelites’ hearts learned compassion and mercy so that when they needed it in human relationships and encounters, they would have it to use.

Affecting Humans – Care for Neighbors: Life


Deuteronomy 22:8 says, “When you build a new house, you shall make a parapet for your roof so that you will not bring bloodguilt on your house if anyone falls from it.” In the Middle East at that time, people made their houses with flat roofs so that when the weather was hot, people could sleep and be on the roof to catch any cool breeze. Because a person could easily fall from the roof by a misstep, God told them to make a low wall on the roof to prevent that from happening. Researchers explained that the roof wall was between three feet high and ten hands high. Both heights were enough to keep a person from stepping off the roof.

God told the Israelites the main reason He commanded this action – to prevent bloodguilt. If you remember from the last Bible study, bloodguilt occurred when a person or nation killed people. The blood of any person created a wall of separation between God and the person or nation. So rid themselves of bloodguilt, the person/nation had to remove the evil from among themselves if the killing was intentional or break the neck of a young cow if it was not and then declare they were innocent and did not intend the death of the person. Either way, bloodguilt created a separation from God. God provided a precaution against accidental death by stipulating a wall be built around the roof edges. This statute prevented the severing of human relationships, the assumption of guilt, and the severing of a relationship with God.

Affecting God’s Design – Nature: Clean and Unclean


Verses nine to eleven speak about keeping dissimilar things separate. In these three verses, God dealt with mixing crops, mixing animals, and mixing fibers/threads. Remember, though, the three laws deal with the purity of things and keeping pure in God’s eyes. In each of them, God forbade particular actions. The Jews call this kilaym, which means the forbidden mixture of two things.

Sowing Seed.


The common practice of farming in the Middle East at that time was to sow seeds of a fruit, vegetable, or grain among the vines of the vineyard. In verse 9, God told the Israelites, “You shall not sow your vineyard with two kinds of seed or all the produce of the seed which you have sown and the increase of the vineyard will become defiled.” On the surface, this seems like an unusual requirement, but when we look deeper, good reasons appear about why God commanded this.

First, having a vineyard required about seven years of hard labor. This means the place in which the vineyard grew was an established town, city, or nation. Since that was the case, most likely the area grew other crops necessary for survival, too. To sow more than one crop in a particular field could point to discontent by a farmer, town, or nation with what the LORD gave them. This mindset came from comparing what God blessed them with to what another farmer, town, or nation had. The tenth commandment stated that they were not to covet anything that belongs to their neighbor (Deuteronomy 5:21). Discontent is a symptom of covetousness. By being covetous, a person goes against God and makes the person and nation be sinners and unrighteous in God’s eyes.

A second issue to consider with this command of not sowing two things in the vineyard arises when considering the science of farming. When sowers put two distinct plants too close together, they created a potential for cross-pollination. When a new plant occurs, it could be indistinguishable from either of its parent plants and may not have the benefits of the two original plants. Additionally, it could be an infertile plant. God created each plant for a purpose and told Adam and Eve to eat from it. He knew these plants as He made them would give the nutrients and benefits that a human body needed. This commandment prevented the corruption of the plants from cross-pollination and kept the original order as God created.

The kilaym of Jews speaks about the forbidden mixture of plants to keep God’s intended design and purpose for them. By following God’s commands kept the plants pure and the people pure, the latter by obedience. Hence, this command affected the physical, mental, and spiritual aspects of creation. Kilaym considers the forbidden mixture of animals, too.

Plowing with Ox and Donkey.


Where the former section forbade the mixing of plant life, in this section of Deuteronomy 22 God forbade the mixing of animals. God said in verse ten, “You shall not plow with an ox and a donkey together.” This law appears innocuous and makes a person wonder why God would consider making such a commonsense law. God meant more than the obvious when He gave this statute to the Israelites.

The obvious purpose of this command is that an ox and donkey are different and must not be mixed to do a joint task like pull a plow or cart. Consider the ox’s strength as compared to the donkey. When an ox and donkey wore a yoke together, the plow would veer toward the side the ox pulled making uneven furrows. On top of this, because the ox is taller than the donkey, the yoke would tear at the ox’s skin or the donkey might choke from the straps pulling higher to accommodate the ox. Additionally, because an ox has a longer stride and is stronger, the donkey would have to work harder to keep up with the ox, putting a strain on the donkey’s body. Once again, God taught the Israelites compassion for animals, as He did with the mother bird in verses six and seven. By living in a compassionate, the Jews were a light to other nations. Each of these obvious facts makes sense of God’s command.

Another fact comes into play with this command from God. In Leviticus 11:18 and Deuteronomy 14:16, God specified which animals were clean and unclean. Mammals that chew the cud and part the hoof, such as the ox, were clean.  The equine family of animals, such as the donkey and horse, were unclean. Notice that God never asked the Israelites to sacrifice a donkey on the altar, but He often stipulated that they sacrifice an ox. Hence, God commanded they not work a clean and unclean animal side by side.

As a final note, Paul used this verse as the rationale for what he wrote to the Corinthians in 2 Corinthians 6:14-16. He told the Corinthians not to marry a person of another faith. Righteousness and lawlessness do not go together just as ox and donkey do not go together. In verses fifteen and sixteen Paul said,

Or what harmony has Christ with Belial, or what has a believer in common with an unbeliever? Or what agreement has the temple of God with idols? For we are the temple of the living God, just as God said, ‘I will dwell in them and walk among them, and I will be their God and they shall be my people.’

Each of the statutes above affect a person’s relationship with other people, with nature, and with God. God did not do this on accident. He made sure the Israelites learned the way they live affects every part of life. God gave His commandments, laws, and statutes to keep the people right and pure - set apart from other nations. He chose them to love them, be there God, and they be His people. These laws did not come from a vindictive God, but loving Yahweh.

Mixed Fabrics.


God gave another law that affected everyday life for the Israelites. He said in verse eleven, “You shall not wear material mixed of wool and linen together.” This is a reiteration of Leviticus 19:19c. The only difference in these two verses is Leviticus says no mixture of any material shall occur, whereas in Deuteronomy God stated no mixture of linen and wool shall occur. A few Old Testament teachers say the difference in the two verses came about because God used wool and linen as an example for the Israelites in Deuteronomy 22:11. Others say that God clarified which materials He forbade be mixed in the Deuteronomy verse.

To understand this verse better, we need to understand the practices of other nations of which the Israelites were aware or would become aware. Maimonides, a renowned rabbi of the twelfth century AD, wrote in his Guide to the Perplexed that ancient pagan priests wore wool and linen woven together because they knew how to use it in occult practices. The pagan priests believed the weaving of the fabrics together united the power of the items and made them more powerful. Maimonides said because of this God forbade the Israelites not to mix these two materials and to stay away from it. The Hebrew word sha’atnez  means to stay far away from. The Jews have laws of sha’atnez to cover every similar commands and laws. Maimonides said God permitted the priests to wear a linen garment with a wool garment over or under it because but not attached to each other. Exodus 28:31-35 tells readers that the robe of the Levitical priest was blue linen with blue, purple, and scarlet in the hem. The ephod had these colors, too, with golden thread woven in it. God said in Exodus 28:39-43 the ordinary clothes of priests were to be made of linen with sashes. They wore linen trousers, too. God said no Israelite was to wear cloth made by mixing wool and linen.

Another possible reason God forbade the mixing of wool and linen comes from the history of linen in the Israelites’ lives. Linen derives from flax. Flax is a plant grown in places with much water. Egypt produced lots of flax to make linen. Israel, because they were nomadic and, thus, farmers of sheep and goats, easily produced woolen, not linen garments. By forbidding the Israelites from mixing wool and linen, God removed the method of making cloth like their captor, Egypt, to remove their ties from Egypt and create stronger ties with Himself.

In answering the question,  “Did God use wool and linen as an example of not mixing any cloth or was he clarifying and making his command in Leviticus 19:19 more clear,” it appears reasonable to conclude that since God forbade the priests wear clothes of mixed wool and linen, God meant to exclude these two materials from being mixed within one piece of cloth for everyone. The important part of this statute is God required it to keep the Israelites righteous and pure. If their making mixed wool and linen cloth led them to look back with fondness at Egypt, God removed that possibility with this statute. If making a mixed material garment caused them hardship because one material was not a product of the Promised Land, God removed that hardship with this statute. Since God required obedience to this statute for them to stay right in His eyes and have a prolonged life in the Promised Land, the Israelites had great incentive to follow this statute. Each of God’s laws was not about the ease of doing them, but of the Israelites’ set apartness - their consecration - for God’s purposes. Would they be different from the nations around them and stay faithful to their covenant with God? Or would they meld themselves with the neighboring cultures and become a new country unlike what God chose and taught them to be?

Affecting Humans – Remembering God


The final verse in this lesson is verse twelve. God said, “You shall make yourself tassels on the four corners of your garment with which you cover yourself.” This is unreasonable to people today, except to Hasidic Jews. For the Israelites, it made great sense. Remember when God told the Israelites to write God’s words on their heads and hearts, to put them on the gates and doorposts, and to teach them to their children. He did this so they would visually see and remember Him, His commandments, and laws. By seeing things, people find it easier to remember. When a person ties a strong around his or her finger, a visual reminder to remember something important occurs. God said the tassels would remind the Israelites of Him and His commandments. Numbers 15:37-41 spoke of this. God commanded the wearing of tassels in Numbers after a man gathered wood on the Sabbath instead of keeping it holy (the fourth commandment – Deuteronomy 5:12). He gave this commandment solely to keep the Israelites’ focus on Him. Do we today have anything that reminds us to keep our minds on God?

Recap


God gave commandments, laws, and statutes to keep people right before His eyes and to keep them pure. Their purity determined if He could be among them. From the beginning of the world, God chose to make humans to love them. From then to now, God still chooses to love people. He made covenants with people over time to be in relationship with them and show His merciful love.

The covenant God made with the Israelites occurred because of His love for the descendents of Abraham. At Mount Sinai, the Israelites agreed to be in covenant with Yahweh God. God gave the commandments, laws, and statutes to the Israelites to live by to keep them safe from mixing with other people and nations and then having their faith diluted with faith in false gods. He did not give them to be overbearing. They were for the good of the Israelites. The laws and statutes were good for God’s created order, too – nature and man. They kept relationships between people and between humankind and nature stable and good. God gave the commandments, laws, and statutes because of His love for the Israelites just as parents give rules and set boundaries for their children to follow. He gave them to keep a love relationship with humankind possible. The laws and statutes affect the person and world in four ways -  personally, ecologically, relationally, and spiritually.

Relevance and Conclusion


Since the covenant with the Israelites at Mount Sinai, God created another covenant – an everlasting one. He made a covenant for anyone to join into with Him. This covenant guarantees not just a prolonged life on earth, but a long life with God in heaven after our deaths. Through His Son, Jesus Christ, we can live eternally with God – on earth now and in heaven after our physical bodies die. Jesus came to earth as a baby who grew up and lived. The Jewish leaders instigated the Romans to crucify though He never sinned. Jesus chose to come to earth so He could die a sinless life as the sacrifice for the death penalty humanity deserved for its sins. His sacrifice made a way for the cleansing of sins from people  – being made pure. To receive this gift of grace through Jesus’ sacrifice, each person must choose for him or herself to accept Jesus’ salvation - accept Him as his or her Lord and Savior, and confess and repent of his or her sins. No works need to be done for this and none can be done to compensate for the wrongdoings of our lifetimes. Jesus’ death paid the complete penalty price for our sins.

A question remains – will you join God in His covenant to you? Will you ask Jesus to be your Lord and Savior? Will you follow Him? It is that simple. It is your choice.

Friday, January 23, 2015

Rightness and Purity Before God Deuteronomy 21


Introduction


     The last few chapters of Deuteronomy we have studied appear to be comprised of small laws from God when compared to the grandness of the Ten Commandments. Last week Moses taught them what God commanded them to do when fighting Canaanite and non-Canaanite nations – what to do with captives, when to offer peace, and which trees to cut down. This week as we read Deuteronomy 21 we read primarily of laws about family, but it includes what do to with dead bodies, too. The opening and closing statutes about what to do with bodies highlights and sandwiches the theme of the whole chapter – how to be right and by that, pure before God.

The writing structure of this chapter is semi-chiastic; the beginning and end of the chapter are similar and sandwich the middle topics. In this chapter, the beginning and end statutes relate how to be pure before God and not accursed by Him. The middle three sections of the chapter give statutes on how the purity is lived out daily regarding family situations. With this brief introduction, let us now jump into our study.

Doing Right in the Eyes of the LORD


Theme.


     Moses used a common Deuteronomic technique when writing this chapter. He used if…then statements. This method is effective when dealing with matters of law and judgment. Upon first reading of the first nine verses of the chapter, the first reaction is why is a teaching about a slain person put into this chapter dealing with family issues. Upon reading the whole chapter, we realize the theme of the chapter is within the first section of the chapter, verses one to nine. Verse 9 says, “So you shall remove the guilt of innocent blood from your midst when you do what is right in the eyes of the LORD.” Doing what is right in God’s eyes is what makes a person or nation righteous and pure. This denotes a person or nation as obedient children of God. As we read the other four sections of this chapter, we must keep this theme in mind. God was teaching the Israelites through Moses by saying that keeping His laws and statutes would keep them pure. By this, they would be His children.

If…Then.


Verses 1-9 teach about how to respond to finding a slain person in the open country. Verses 1-2  say,

If a slain person is found lying in the open country in the land which the LORD your God gives you to possess and it is not known who struck him, then your elders and your judges shall go out and measure the distance to the cities which are around the slain one.

This passage states the murderer is unknown. It seems the slain person may be unknown, too, since they are not going to the slain person’s town/city. What is second most important in this passage is that God’s statute about this concerns social and religious areas of life. The judges would want to determine who killed the person so they could give judgment. God’s main concern is keeping the land/nation pure. For this reason, God wants to determine which town/city is closest to the slain person so they can re-establish the purity and innocence of the land/nation.

Cleansing.


To understand why finding a dead person in the nation is significant to God, we must realize that killing a person, shedding blood, makes a person and, by association, the nation guilty of murder. God holds life sacred. He created humankind and said it was good. He chooses to have relationship with people because He loves them. God provided a way for people to return to a relationship with Him – in the Old Testament through religious laws and in the New Testament through Jesus Christ. In the Ten Commandments, He said, “You shall not kill.” These show God holds human life sacred. With this consideration, killing a person is rebellion against God. Hence, when a slain body is found, blood guilt attaches to the person who committed it and the nation in which the guilty person lives. So a right relationship with God must be restored for the people/nation.

God taught in this chapter the way the people of Israel were to cleanse themselves from bloodguiltiness and become right and pure in God’s eyes. Moses recorded it in Numbers 35:33-34 when he taught,

You shall not pollute the land in which you are; for blood pollutes the land and no expiation can be made for the land for the blood that is shed on it, except by the blood of him who shed it. You shall not defile the land in which you live, in the midst of which I dwell; for I the LORD am dwelling in the midst of the sons of Israel. [NASB]

Because God was the God and ruler of Israel (remember, Israel was a theocracy) and lived among them, the land/nation must not be polluted with blood, the sin and guilt of murder, for God to continue to live amidst them. For God to live among the people again, cleansing to remove their sin and guilt must occur.

The elders of the nearest town/city to the slain person must take an “unworked heifer” to an “unworked field” that has running water and break its neck there (vs. 3-4). They offered an unblemished cow as a substitute for their sin (by association) penalty. Notice God’s command told the elders to break the cow’s neck, not cut the it’s throat. Blood of the slain person spilled on the ground now a pure life must be offered without blood to atone for and cleanse the land/nation.

One of things to notice is that the water to which Moses commanded them to take the cow had to be running water. In Hebrew this running water is a perpetual, ever-flowing stream. The Bible writers and people since that time often compared God’s love and mercy to a cleansing flood or tide. Floods and tides are ever-flowing. They wipe away what was there before like the blood of sacrifices – animals in the Old Testament and Jesus’ in the New Testament – wash away the sins of people.

When the elders broke the neck of the heifer, the priests (kohen – priest and chief ruler), whom God chose to serve Him and bless the people in His name, came to settle the judicial matter of the murder (vs. 5). They administered God’s applicable law and His justice for the people involved and the nation. Each party was absolved of their sin and resultant bloodguiltiness. After God’s law, God purified them once again. As the spokesmen of God, what they said was law and when done, provided God’s blessing on the people. God’s law told the elders of the nearest city to “wash their hands over the heifer whose neck was broken in the valley” (vs. 6). While doing this, the elders proclaimed their innocence, asked for forgiveness of the people by the LORD, and asked God to remove the blood guilt from them (vs. 7-8). This enacted the washing of the blood of the slain from their hands and the guilt from their hearts and minds. It signified God’s washing of the bloodguilt and sin from them. This gave them God’s blessing and God would live among them again.

As stated earlier, the most important part of the whole chapter is the thematic sentence in verse nine. It says when you do what is right in the eyes of the LORD you will remove your guilt of innocent blood, bloodguiltiness, from yourself and your midst (land/nation). Deuteronomy 19:10-13 speaks of blood guilt of the innocent when it says, “You shall not pity him, but you shall purge the blood of the innocent from Israel, that it may go well with you.” God wants His people and land to be innocent from crimes such as murder. He told the Israelites in chapter nineteen to remove the bloodguilt from them by putting to death the premeditated murderer. In this chapter, when the murderer is unknown, God provided a way to remove bloodguilt through substitute sacrifice. This became a prelude to the substitute sacrifice of Jesus, God’s Son, on the cross for the sins of humankind.

Domestic Relations


God required His people, the Israelites, to be pure and righteous. They did this by obeying His laws, statutes, and judgments as Moses taught them. As the leader and God of Israel, He lived among them. For God to stay in their presence, the Israelites had to be pure/sinless. The next three lessons in this chapter deal with following God’s laws in family matters. They use the Deuteronomic writing style of “if…then” for teaching the Israelites.

Captive Woman.


Beautiful, Non-Canaanite.


Verses 10-14 address the desire of a soldier to marry a captive woman. It teaches how he was to treat her after her first month’s stay in her room at his home should he or she not wants to marry. Remember, God allowed the Israelite soldiers to take captive from battle just women and children who were not Canaanites, not men. He told the Israelites to destroy every Canaanite as His judgment against them.

When an Israelite soldier captured a beautiful, non-Canaanite woman and desired her, he could make her his wife. This is not as crude as people in the past portrayed it. The English word “desire” used in verse eleven is the Hebrew word chashaq. It means to love, be attached to, or long for. After battles, soldiers of many centuries took the spoils of war and often that meant taking the virginity of women. Moses told them if the man truly loved the woman he desired, he would be honorable and generous toward her and not treat her as a prostitute. God provided a way for the soldier to stay pure physically (no rape) and spiritually (marrying a woman of the same faith) with this law.

Requirements Before Marriage.


Verses 12-13 tell us what the soldier and captive woman must do. The soldier was to take her to his home. After that, she must shave her head, trim her nails, remove her clothes of captivity, stay in his home, and mourn her father and mother a full month. After this month God allowed the soldier to marry the woman.

When an Israelite man prepared to marry an Israelite woman, the father of the man would meet with the father of the woman and make a marriage match. Gifts would be exchanged from the father of the bride to the father of the groom, from the groom to the bride, and from the father of the bride to his daughter. For the next year, the bride-to-be would spend time preparing herself for her wedding. These preparations included pampering her skin with special baths, oils, scents, and body art including on her fingers and hands. It included, too, the mental preparation of leaving her birth home to become part of another family, which could include mourning. After the groom prepared a marriage room for he and her to live in for the first week of their marriage, he would steal away one night to the bride’s home and the wedding would begin.

The month’s delay of marrying a captive woman included these preparations, but it also included her decision about following Yahweh or not. Each of the actions God required her to do had a three-fold purpose – to mourn her loss, to decide if she would renounce idolatry and follow Yahweh, and to make herself less appealing to the soldier. The latter would help him determine if he really loved and wanted to marry her. When she shaved her head, she did it in mourning for her loss  - of her home, family, and country. The cleansing ritual is found in Leviticus 14:8-9 and Numbers 6:9, too. If she was to follow Yahweh, she must cleanse herself from following false gods and idols. The word “trim” in verse twelve comes from the Hebrew word ‘asah and means to deal with. She was to ignore her nails during the month of waiting, not cut, color, or beautify them in any way. When Moses said she was to remove her clothes of captivity, that meant she was not to wear the clothes in which the soldier found her beautiful, but to put them off and wear something less appealing to the eye. Each of these things are what people did in mourning. She did them, too, to recant following her gods and idols and to humble and purify herself before Yahweh. Added to this, wearing ugly clothes, shaving her head, and not beautifying her nails could make her unattractive to the soldier. If after a month the captive woman still attracted the heart of the soldier and she followed Yahweh God, then the soldier could go into her room and marry her (“go in to her and be her husband and she shall be your wife” vs. 13d).

Rights of the Captive.


We must remember God gave laws regarding taking care of aliens/foreigners, orphans, widows, and the poor in Deuteronomy 14:22-15:22. His law about aliens in Israel did not change when someone was an unwilling captive foreigner in Israel. Verse 14 explains God’s care for each person and tells the rights the captive woman had if the soldier did not marry her.

Verse 14 says, “It shall be, if you are not pleased with her, then you shall let her go wherever she wishes, but you shall certainly not sell her for money, you shall not mistreat her, because you have humbled her.” If after the month the man no longer desired and loved her, God said he must free her. He could not keep or sell her as a slave. God told the soldiers they must not mistreat their captive women. The word “mistreat” comes from the Hebrew word ‘amar and means to treat tyrannically or treat as a slave.

People try to understand why God gave the laws and statutes He did. Sometimes they are ration-able/reason-able and sometimes not. God gave this law because He cared about the women and how the Israelites would treat them if they chose not to marry them. The soldiers humbled the captive women by defeating their country and taking them captive. By intending to marry her, the woman would have lost status with the people of her country. Added to this, her reputation would be lost because the people who knew of her captivity with the soldier may have thought she already slept with him. Finally, her prospects for the future dimmed when she did not marry the soldier. Her life would be very hard if she was someone’s slave. God cares about each person. Paul reiterated God’s perception of everyone as equal in Galatians 3:28, “There is neither slave nor free, there is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither male nor female; for all are one in Christ Jesus.”

Firstborn Inheritance.


Notice this section of the chapter uses the “if…then” Deuteronomic style as the first two did. In this section, God dealt with the right of inheritance. God gave no law about inheritance before this statute. Issues of inheritance arose before this such as in the life of Jacob and Esau. The secondary point of this section is the rights of children of an unloved wife. Overall, God gave this law to provide social order. If a father did not follow it, his disobedience to the law affected his spiritual life, as well as that of his family, and, in the end, Israel.

The law, in verses fifteen through seventeen, said the firstborn son of a father, whether of a loved or unloved wife, must receive a double portion of everything the father has. The right of the firstborn son to receive this was due to this son being the beginning of the man’s family, his strength. Because of this, the firstborn son must receive the father’s authority to lead the family when the father is no longer able.

The issue of multiple wives is not as complex as it would appear. God did not give the Israelites permission to have more than one wife. Jesus’ teaching on marriage in Matthew 19:3-6 recalls the Genesis creation account (Gen. 1:27 and 2:24) saying the two shall become one flesh, not more than two. Further, the tenth commandment says, “You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife,” (Exodus 20:12) presupposing one wife. Paul forbade church elders to be the husband of more than one wife. Remember, in the Bible, polygamy started with Cain, the murderer, not Seth the one from whose line Noah, Moses, David, and Jesus (Genesis 5) descended. Added to this, God forbade the kings of Israel to be polygamous (Deuteronomy 17:17). Hence God did not approve of it, but tolerated it. Under Mosaic law in Exodus 21:10, the LORD said, “If he takes another wife for himself…” God did not encourage polygamy. Knowing the hearts of men, though, He felt it necessary to guard the birthright of the firstborn son even if the mother of this son was unloved. God instituted this law for the firstborn son to protect children, just as He instituted the law for the captive woman in the earlier section to protect captives. Both groups of people had low status during this time.

Stubborn and Rebellious Son.


     This law is one of the hard sayings of God. Once again, the issue was being right in the eyes of God, as stated in verse nine. By being right with God - following/obeying God - the people were pure and God could live among them. In this section about domestic relations, a very difficult situation arises, a stubborn and rebellious child. I am sure parents of every generation either heard about or had this type of child.

Moses taught the Israelites to teach their children Yahweh’s laws when they rise up, lay down, go out, and come in (Deuteronomy 6:7 and 11:19). He taught with the fifth commandment that children were to obey their parents. This is the first commandment that carried a promise with it – to have a prolonged life. With a promise, a curse is implied, the same curse the Israelites received from God if they did not keep (shamar – hear, listen, and obey) His laws. Moses taught, too, what to do about a person who goes astray from God’s laws and statutes – the local Levites or the priests would offer judgment on the situation. God intended His laws to apply to people of every age in Israel, even children.

When the teaching and the discipline of the parents was inadequate to keep a child from being disobedient so he or she became stubborn and rebellious, God provided the statute to deal with this recalcitrant child. Moses used an “if…then” statement again to show this was a law and a person always had two choices – obey or disobey – with two resultant outcomes – promise or curse. In verses 18-19, Moses said,

If any man has a stubborn and rebellious son who will not obey his father or mother and when they chastise him, he will not even listen to them, then his father and mother shall seize him and bring him out to the elders of his city at the gateway of his hometown. [NASB]

First off, the word “stubborn” is the Hebrew word carar and means to rebel or have a dogged determination not to change one’s attitude or mind about something even if a good reason is given to do so. The stubborn child spoken of in this passage dug his feet in the ground and became immovable by force or reason. The word “rebellious” in the Hebrew is marah and means contentious and resisting authority or control. This child is one who will do what he wants to do when he wants to do it without considering the consequences to himself or other people.

The parents of this child, according to verse eighteen, disciplined and chastised him, but the child chose to disobey. The parents were the source of first training and disciplining. God gave the parents the charge to raise children in the knowledge of Him and His laws. Yet, as in society like adults choose to disobey God, children choose to disobey their parents without shame and repeatedly in the face of chastisement and discipline. Just as the elders and Levites of a town/city and the priests of the temple heard crimes and administered justice to adults based on the laws of God, sometimes these same leaders had to administer justice to recalcitrant children. A deep-seated rebellion existed in this child, one of continuing hatred. God commanded the elders handle this rebellion and hatred. He required the elders judge this stubborn and rebellious child, but not as the parents dealt with the minor infractions of defiance. By being so rebellious, the child broke the fifth commandment. Disobedience to parents is disobedience to God. When a child was this disobedient and rebellious, the parents needed a higher level of authority to help their rebellious and stubborn child. God provided that higher level of authority, wisdom, and judgment. God intended His laws to provide a peaceful society along with righteousness and purity for the people.

Verse 20 tells of the recourse the parents had for such a child. Together, mother and father could bring the child before the elders of the town/city. Notice the unity of the parents. If just one parent brought the child, the elders could have seen it as a spat or difference of opinion between the child and parent. When two parents brought the child in a united effort before the elders, the wise elders saw a definite recalcitrant child stood before them. This corresponds to earlier chapters (Deuteronomy 17:6, 19:15) where more than one witness was necessary to bring a person before the judges and priests. The witnesses (parents) must tell the elders why they brought their son to them – stubbornness, rebelliousness, disobedience, gluttony, and drunkenness. These things would tear a family and nation apart. Remember, the fifth commandment came with a promise and curse. The elders, since they lived in the same town as the child and parents, saw for themselves the difficulty these parents had in raising their child. As God’s appointed leaders, they must determine the situation with the child to determine God’s requirement for the child -  to either discipline and bring the child back into obedience or administer the curse due disobedience - death. Because the sin was continuous and deep-seated and might cause harm to the family or others in the community, God provided punishment be delivered. God designed the punishment to protect the family, society, and nation by purging evil. The punishment provided a deterrent to future rebellion, too.

The punishment, as declared by God for such an evil person, was death by stoning (vs. 21). The leaders of Israel issued a judgment of stoning for people who followed other gods (Leviticus 20:2; Deuteronomy 13:11), followed a medium or spiritist (Leviticus 20:27), purposely killed another person (Leviticus 17:17-23), or who cursed and blasphemed God (Leviticus 24:14-16). In stoning such a person, Moses told them they removed the evil (ra’ – bad, malignant, vicious) from among them. Stoning the evil person supported the authority of God, the elders of Israel, and the parents. God showed strict punishment when he allowed the northern and southern kingdoms to be conquered because of Israel’s unfaithfulness. This punishment for the stubborn and rebellious child was for the same type of thing – to remove evil before it harms other people or becomes a cancer that spreads in the nation. The other part of this statute commanded the elders enforce this judgment and begin the stoning. Added to this, God commanded they send a notice throughout the nation explaining what occurred and the judgment declared to frighten others from being disobedient to their parents, leaders, and God.

Death: The Curse and Purity


Just as God commanded the stoning of a person to remove evil and restore purity, He sought to keep or re-establish Israel’s purity when a person died (vs. 1-9) or they received death and hanging as a judgment (vs. 22-23). The last two verses of this chapter deal with death once again, but with a small difference and a new teaching.

The Curse of Hanging on a Tree.


God commanded Moses to teach the Israelites about a criminal hanged to death for his or her crimes. He said in verses 22-23,

If a man has committed a sin worthy of death and he is put to death and you hang him on a tree, his corpse shall not hang all night on the tree, but you shall surely bury him on the same day (for he who is hanged is accursed of God), so that you do not defile your land which the LORD your God gives you as an inheritance. [NASB]

In these two verses, God established the basis for the curse of the cross. People over the years have tried to understand why God would curse death by hanging on wood, timber, or a tree. The most popular position considers both the first sin and Christ’s death. In the first sin, Adam and Eve ate from the tree of good and evil. God judged them. He declared they were no longer free from death, but would suffer from that curse. From this, people have reckoned trees are cursed by God, too. In addition, they reason that since Christ died on a cross made of wood, God once again cursed trees. These explanations are reasonable. The greatest reason, though, that God cursed hanging on a tree is that God said so.

Cleanliness Laws.


What does a tree being cursed by God have to do with removing a corpse before sunset? Why does God tell the Israelites to remove the corpse from the tree on the day they hanged the person? He said it was so the land would not be defiled. To understand this, we must go back to the cleanliness laws of the Old Testament. If a person touched or was near a dead person, that person was ritually unclean until they performed purification rites over a seven day period (Numbers 19:11-14). If a person did not purify him or herself before entering God’s presence in the tabernacle or temple, the tabernacle/temple became defiled, God could not be among them, and that person was cut off from Israel. The corpse was unclean and God cursed the tree, but why was it important to remove the body from the tree before the day ended?

Curse on the Nation.


     The priests’ administered God’s judgment on the people for their disobedience. When the judgment was death, people around the dead body became defiled. The tree with a body hanging on it was accursed by God. By leaving the dead body hanging on the tree overnight, an abuse of the body occurred. Judgment was fully meted out when they person suffered and died. No further justice could be administered since the person was dead. With the body continuing to hang on the tree, judgment continued, which was unnecessary, and it cursed the land in which the tree stood. So removing the body began the cleansing process and removed the curse from the land/nation. Remember from the first section of this chapter, killing a person carried with it bloodguiltiness even if mandated by God’s command and justice. The Israelites would want to remove the blood guilt from themselves and their nation sooner rather than later. God wanted them not to defile the land He gave them (vs. 23d).

Recap


Through these five sections of chapter twenty one we read of God’s laws and His concern for the purity of Israel. He wanted to ensure the purity of His people so He could be amidst them. God is pure and cannot be in the presence of sin. To provide social and moral standards, God gave His commands, laws, and statutes to the Israelites to obey. These same commands, laws, and statutes He intended to keep the people right - sinless and pure. For the parts of life that people thought were small, God showed He cared. He gave statutes for the people to follow in every part of life to help weed out evil from the people, such as the law about the rebellious son. He provided the laws about captive women and the rights of the firstborn’s inheritance to keep one’s affections from leading them into trouble. Overall, God’s commands are to keep people pure so they could stay in a relationship with Him.

Relevance


What does this mean for us now? Primarily, we need to realize the great necessity of being in a relationship with God. God created humankind to be in a love relationship with Him. In Ephesians 1:4, Paul said, “He chose us in Him before the foundation of the world that we would be holy and blameless before Him.” Besides this, John said in John 3:16, “For God so loved the world, that he gave His only begotten Son, that whoever believes in Him shall not perish, but have eternal life.” Relationship with God is very important to God and should be important to each of us. Not only does it give unending love, but peace, joy, and hope. This is why the purity of people is so important to God.

If the whole chapter deals with being right in God’s eyes and being pure so we can be in His presence, what do the middle three sections have to do with this? First, God gave the commands and when you obey them, you are right in His eyes. That means you are pure and can be in His presence. Remember God cannot be in the presence of sin, so doing what is right in God’s eyes made the Israelites pure and able to be with God. As to each section, God cares for each person even if he or she is a captive, foreigner, a child, an unloved spouse, or a disobedient child. He used these people as instances of the people most overlooked in society. Since God cared enough to make a statute about and for them, He cares enough to love everyone. He tried to ingrain this in the Israelites’ minds.

They, like many of us today, look down on people still. We read in the Bible many times where people did not take care of the captives, foreigners, children, unloved ones, and the impure. When Jesus lived on earth, many people looked at Him and treated Him badly. They made Him a captive. People treated Him as a disobedient and unloved person. Jesus did things they disagreed with and said were unlawful. These people made Him a captive and mistreated Him.

Jesus knew how it felt to be treated as the lowest in the world. He came into the world to reconcile everyone to God. The Israelites did not keep God’s laws and continually rebelled against Him. He knew they would sin, just as Adam and Eve did. Sin is now a part of human nature because of Adam and Eve’s sin. God never intended His laws to save the Israelites from their sins. He gave His laws to lead them to Him. God’s plan always was to bring eternal reconciliation to Him through the life, death, and resurrection of His Son, Jesus Christ. Jesus said, “He did not come into the world abolish the law, but to fulfill it,” (Matthew 5:17). This means He came to make it complete and perfect so that there is a new and better way to be reconciled with God.

Jesus’ forgiveness and redemption is not just for Jews. Paul to the Ephesians and later readers about God’s love. In Ephesians 1:5, he said, “He [God] predestined us to adoption as sons through Jesus Christ to Himself, according to the kind intention of His will.” God loves each of us. He loved us before He formed us. His love brought us adoption into His family through His Son, Jesus Christ. The writer of Romans said in verse 16-17, “The Spirit Himself testifies with our spirits that we are children of God, and if children, heirs also, heirs of God and fellow heirs with Christ, if indeed we suffer with Him so that we may also be glorified with Him.” Paul reiterated what Old Testament writers wrote and told the Israelites (2 Samuel 7:14, 1 Chronicles 17:13, Isaiah 43:6) so that each believer in Jesus Christ would hear and know for themselves they are children of God. He said in 2 Corinthians 6:18, “And I will be a father to you and you shall be sons and daughters to Me, says the Lord Almighty.”

Conclusion


We must each decide for ourselves today who God is for us. We must decide who Jesus is for us. Have we chosen to exercise our free-will and disobey God - be rebellious, and stubborn? Or have we chosen to accept the love God wants to give us? A theocracy no longer exists. Each person must decide for him or herself who or what will be god for them. God chose us from before He formed us in our mother’s womb to be loved by Him. He made a way for each person to return to Him through the mercy He gave when His Son, Jesus Christ, hanged and died on the wooden cross. By this cursed method of death and with Jesus’ sinless life, God offered the perfect sacrifice to pay the penalty for each of our sins. People of the first century mistreated Jesus, and hated and beat Him. When He did nothing to deserve the curse of death, the sin penalty of death, people killed Him. Jesus chose to die so you and I would not have to die the penalty for our sins. To receive this great love and be reconciled with God, our Creator and Father, confess your sins/wrongdoings to Him and profess Jesus is the Son of God and Lord/Master of your life. God will forgive you for each of your past and future sins. You can live with Him forever – on earth and in heaven.

Each person must make this decision for him or herself.

What will you decide?